REVIEW: POTENSI BOREH USADA BALI BERBASIS KEARIFAN LOKAL DENGAN BAHAN UTAMA MELATI PUTIH SEBAGAI ANTIBAKTERI PROPIONIBACTERIUM ACNES

Gede Sugiartha Giri; Ni Luh Putu Vidya Paramita

doi:10.26874/kjif.v8i2.643

Penulis

Gede Sugiartha Giri 1Program Studi Farmasi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana, Jalan Kampus Unud, Jimbaran, 80364
Ni Luh Putu Vidya Paramita 1Program Studi Farmasi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana, Jalan Kampus Unud, Jimbaran, 80364 2Program Studi Profesi Apoteker, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana, Jalan Kampus Unud, Jimbaran, 80364

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26874/kjif.v8i2.643

Abstrak

Boreh Usada Bali merupakan sarana pengobatan masyarakat Hindu Bali terbuat dari kombinasi tumbuh-tumbuhan yang memiliki khasiat obat. Berdasarkan Usada Taru Pramana tanaman melati putih (Jasminum sambac) memiliki potensi untuk mengurangi jerawat. Boreh Usada Bali dibuat dengan bahan utama khasiat daun melati putih dikombinasikan dengan bahan pendukung khasiat seperti beras, kulit batang kayu manis, kayu cendana, rimpang lempuyang, rimpang kunyit, buah pala, dan garam. Review dilakukan terhadap sediaan boreh dengan komposisi bahan melati putih dan bahan alam lainnya sebagai pendukung khasiat antibakteri terhadap Propionibacterium acnes. Penyusunan artikel ini menggunakan metode studi literatur yang tergolong dalam penelitian deskriptif kualitatif secara sistematis. Potensi boreh Usada Bali melati putih didukung oleh beberapa penelitian tentang antibakteri dari komponen di dalam boreh. Hal ini karena, melati putih dilaporkan memiliki senyawa tanin dan flavonoid dan untuk bahan pendukung khasiat boreh lainnya mengandung senyawa aktif utama seperti kulit batang kayu manis (sinamaldehid dan eugenol), kayu cendana (alfa-santalol, beta-santalol, dan epi-beta-santalen), lempuyang (zerumbon), kunyit (kurkuminoid), dan pala (monoterpen) dengan mekanisme masing-masing yang berperan sebagai antibakteri terhadap bakteri Propionibacterium acnes. Sediaan boreh dengan bahan utama khasiat melati putih dan bahan pendukung khasiat boreh (kulit batang kayu manis, kayu cendana, rimpang lempuyang, rimpang kunyit, buah pala) berpotensi sebagai antibakteri terhadap Propionibacterium acnes.

Kata kunci: Antibakteri, boreh, jasminum sambac, propionibacterium acnes, usada bali.

Abstract

Boreh Usada Bali is a Balinese Hindu community healing tool made from a combination of plants that have medical efficacy. White jasmine (Jasminum sambac), is a plant in Usada Taru Pramana, that potentially reduces acne. Boreh Usada Bali is made by leaf white jasmine’s efficacy combined with supporting ingredients such as rice, cinnamon, sandalwood, bitter ginger, turmeric, nutmeg, and salt. Review boreh preparations with a composition of white jasmine’s and other natural ingredients as supporting antibacterial properties against Propionibacterium acnes. Review article was conducted with a literature review method which is classified as a systematic qualitative descriptive study. Potentially of boreh Usada Bali white jasmine’s is supported by several studies on the antibacterial properties of the components in boreh. This is because, white jasmine is reported to have tannins and flavonoids compounds and supporting efficacy ingredients boreh contain active compounds with cinnamon (cinnamaldehyde and eugenol), sandalwood (alpha-santalol, beta-santalol, and epi-beta-santalen), bitter ginger (zerumbon), turmeric (curcuminoid), and nutmeg (monoterpen) with their respective mechanisms which act as antibacterial agents against bacteria Propionibacterium acnes. Boreh with the main ingredient of white jasmine and combined with supporting ingredients (cinnamon, sandalwood, bitter ginger, turmeric, nutmeg) potentially to antibacterial activity of Propionibacterium acnes.

Keywords: Antibacterial, boreh, jasminum sambac, propionibacterium acnes, usada bali

Biografi Penulis

Gede Sugiartha Giri, 1Program Studi Farmasi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana, Jalan Kampus Unud, Jimbaran, 80364

Mahasiswa dari Prodi Sarjana Farmasi Fakultas MIPA Universitas Udayana

Ni Luh Putu Vidya Paramita, 1Program Studi Farmasi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana, Jalan Kampus Unud, Jimbaran, 80364 2Program Studi Profesi Apoteker, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana, Jalan Kampus Unud, Jimbaran, 80364

Ni Luh Putu Vidya Paramita

Saya adalah Dosen dengan pangkat Lektor di Prodi Farmasi Fakultas MIPA Universitas Udayana. Bidang Keilmuan saya adalah Biologi Farmasi khususnya penemuan obat baru, mikrobiologi, dan biofilm

Referensi

Abdulrasheed, M., I. H. Ibrahim, A. Luka, A. A. Maryam, L. Hafsat, S. Ibrahim, F. U. Maigari, and M. B. Gidado. 2019. Antibacterial Effect of Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) Bark Extract on Different Bacterial Isolates. Journal of Environmental Microbiology and Toxicology. 7(1): 16-20.

Al-Snafi, A. E. 2018. Pharmacological and Therapeutic Effects of Jasminum sambac â€“ A Review. Indo American Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 5(3): 1766-1778.

Amalia, R. D. Dwiyanti, dan Haitami. 2016. Daya Hambat NaCl terhadap Pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus. Medical Laboratory Technology Journal. 2(2): 42-45.

BPOM RI. 2019. Peraturan Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan Nomor 32 Tahun 2019 Tentang Persyaratan Keamanan dan Mutu Obat Tradisional. Jakarta: Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan Republik Indonesia.

Chansukh, K. K. 2016. Antimicrobial Activity of Ethanolic Extract from Jasminum Sambac Ait. Flowers. Mae Fah Luang University International Conference 2016 and Kaleidoscope of Traditional and Complementary Medicines International Conference 2016 (MFUIC & KTCM 2016). 38-43.

Deng, G. F., X. R. Xu, Zhang Y., D. Li, R. Y. Gan, and H. B. Li. 2013. Phenolic Compounds and Bioactivities of Pigmented Rice. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition. 53(3): 296-306.

Gowdhami1, T., A., K., Rajalakshmi1, N., Sugumar, Valliappan, R. 2015. Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of Jasminum sambac Linn. Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research. 7(11):136-143.

Julianti, E., K. K. Rajah, and I. Fidrianny. 2017. Antibacterial Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Cinnamon Bark, Honey, and Their Combination Effects against Acne-Causing Bacteria. Scientia Pharmaceutica. 85(19): 1-8.

Khadea, A. B., S. T. Atkoreb, and A. S. Bhuktara. 2018. Profiling Volatile Compounds from Crude Rhizome Extract of Zingiber zerumbet L. International Journal of Biological and Medical Research. 9(3): 6429-6433.

Koly S. F. 2016. In Vitro Antibacterial Activity of Crude Methanolic Extracts

From Leaves of Jasminum sambac L.. Indo American Journal of

Pharmaceutical Science. 3(1): 560-565.

Kumar, S., Navneet, Shiv, S., G. 2015. Screening of Antimicrobial Properties of Jasminum sambac Linn. Leaf Extracts against Dental Pathogens. Journal of Phytochemistry. 9(4): 195-200.

Liang, Y., Y. Li, A. Sun, and X. Liu. 2019. Chemical Compound Identification mand Antibacterial Activity Evaluation of Cinnamon Extracts Obtained by Subcritical Nâ€Butane and Ethanol Extraction. Food Science and Nutrition. 7: 2186-2193.

Luangnarumitchai, S., S., Lamlertthon, Tiyaboonchai, W. 2007. Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oils Against Five Strains of Propionibacterium acnes. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 34(1-4): 60-64.

Mehmood, S., S. Gull, A. Mushtaq, and M. Umer. 2019. In Vitro Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities of Santalum album and Cymbopogon by Sequential Extraction. Professional Medical Journal. 26(5): 717-722.

Misra, B.B and S. Dey. 2012. Comparative phytochemical analysis and antibacterial efficacy of in vitro and in vivo extracts from East Indian sandalwood tree (Santalum album L.). Letters in Applied Microbiology. 55(1): 476-486

Nurhasanah. 2014. Antimicrobial Activity of (Myristica fragrans Houtt) against Growth Staphylococcus aureus. Jurnal Bioedukasi. 3(1): 277-286.

Oghenejobo, M., O. A. Opajobi, B. U. S. Oghenejobo, and U. Uzoegbu. 2017. Antibacterial Evaluation, Phytochemical Screening and Ascorbic Acid Assay of Turmeric (Curcuma longa). MOJ Bioequivalence & Bioavailability. 4(2): 232-239.

Omoruyi, I. M., and O. T. Emefo. 2012. In Vitro Evaluation of the Antibiogramic Activities of the Seeds of Myristica fragrans on Food Borne Pathogens. Malaysian Journal of Microbiology. 8(4): 253-258.

Orchard, A., M. Sandasi, G. Kamatou, A. Viljoen, and S. V. Vuuren. 2016. TheÂ In VitroÂ Antimicrobial Activity and Chemometric Modelling of 59 Commercial Essential Oils against Pathogens of Dermatological Relevance. Chemistry and Biodiversity. 14(1): 1-38.

Pergub Bali. 2019. Peraturan Gubernur Bali Nomor 55 Tahun 2019 Tentang Pelayanan Kesehatan Tradisional Bali. Bali: Gubernur Bali

Purwaningdyah, R.A.K., & Nelva, K.J. 2013. Profil Penderita Akne Vulgaris pada Siswa-Siswi di SMA Shfiyatul Amaliyah Medan (Acne Vulgaris Patient Profiles of Shafiyyatul Amaliyah Medan High School Students). E-Journal FK USU. 1(1): 1-8.

Pumirat, P. and N. Luplertlop. 2013. The In-vitro Antibacterial Effect of Colored Rice Crude Extracts against Staphylococcus aureus Associated with Skin and Soft-Tissue Infection. Journal of Agricultural Science. 5(11): 102-109.

Putra, I. G. S. 1999. Taru Premana Khasiat Tanam-Tanaman Untuk Obat Tradisional. Bali: Percetakan Security Printing and Communication.

Raj, V., A. Peepliwal, and S. K. Lariya. 2016. Phytochemical and Antimicrobial Screening of Poly-Herbal Formulation for Anti Acne Activity. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 5(3): 1069-1083.

Sabharwal, S., S. Sudan, and V. Ranjan. 2013. Jasminum sambac Linn (Motia): A Review. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Bio-Science. 2(5): 108-130.

Saha, R. K., F. Hossain, N. T. Amin, and S. H. Bhuiyan. 2014. Phytochemical and Antimicrobial Investigations of Methanolic Extract and Ethyl Acetate Extract of Rice Husk (Oryza sativa). Pharmacology Online. 3: 74-84.

Sarlina, A. R. Razak, dan M. R. Tandah. 2017. Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Sediaan Gel Ekstrak Daun Sereh (Cymbopogon nardus L. Rendle) terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus Penyebab Jerawat. Jurnal Farmasi Galenika. 3(2): 143-149.

Sholih, M. G., Ahmad M., dan Siti S. 2015. Rasionalitas Penggunaan Antibiotik di Salah Satu Rumah Sakit Umum di Bandung Tahun 2010. Jurnal Farmasi Klinik Indonesia. 4(1): 63-70.

Sukartha, I. N. 2014. Usadha: Ilmu Pengobatan Ayur Veda Bali. Jumantara. 5(1): 110-134.

Suryana, S., Y. Y. A. Nuraeni, dan T. Rostinawati. 2017. Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol dari Lima Tanaman terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis dengan Metode Mikrodilusi M7 â€“ A6CLSI. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology. 4(1): 1-9.

Thaweboon, S., B., Thaweboon, Kaypetch., R. 2018. Antimicrobial Activity of Jasmine Oil Against Oral Microorganisms. Materials Science and Engineering. 1(1):1-5

Tsai, T-H., Tzung-Hsun, T., Wen-Huey, W., Jonathon, T-P., T., Po-Jung, T. 2010. In vitro Antimicrobial and Antiinflammatory Effects of Herbs Against Propionibacterium Acnes. Food Chemistry. 119: 964â€“968.

Vishwanatha, H. N., P. B. Niraguna, B. S. Gowrishankar, and S. B. Shridhar. 2012. Antimicrobial Activity of Zerumbone from Zingiber zerumbet Against Staphylococcus epidermidis and Aspergillus spp. International Journal of Applied Biology and Pharmaceutical Technology. 3(4): 40-43.