Profil fitokimia selada laut (Ulva lactuca) dan mikro alga filamen (Spirogyra sp) sebagai bahan alam bahari potensial dari perairan Indonesia
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Abstrak
Perairan Indonesia merupakan habitat bagi berbagai spesies makro dan mikro alga. Selada laut (Ulva lactuca) adalah salah satu makroalga hijau yang secara empiris digunakan sebagai makanan oleh masyarakat Indonesia yang hidup dipesisir pantai. Pada perairan tawar, ganggang hijau (Spirogyra porticalis) merupakan mikroalga filamen yang berperan penting sebagai bioindikator dalam sistem akuatik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil fitokimia dari selada laut dan ganggang hijau yang tumbuh di perairan Indonesia. Hasil pengujian kualitatif pada selada laut (Ulva lactuca) menunjukkan kandungan metabolit primer dan sekunder berturut-turut adalah karbohidrat, alkaloid, flavonoid, mono dan seskuiterpenoid. Sementara itu ganggang hijau (Spirogyra porticalis) mengandung karbohidrat, protein, alkaloid, flavonoid, fenolik, tannin, kuinon, mono dan seskuiterpenoid. Pola kromatogram selada laut (Ulva lactuca) dan ganggang hijau (Spirogyra porticalis) mendeteksi aktivitas antioksidan yang dimiliki oleh senyawa- metabolit sekunder seperti fenol, tannin, flavonoid, mono dan seskuiterpenoid yang memiliki variasi kepolaran dari semi hingga polar. Hasil uji pendahuluan aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan metode dinamolisis menunjukkan selada laut (Ulva lactuca) dan ganggang hijau (Spirogyra porticalis) memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dan berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai obat, suplemen, eksipien farmasi dan makanan nutrisi.
Kata kunci: selada laut (Ulva lactuca), ganggang hijau (Spyrogyra porticalis), antioksidan, bahari, Indonesia.
Abstract
Indonesian waters are habitat for various macro and micro algae species. Sea lettuce Ulva lactuca is one of the green macroalgae that is empirically used as food by Indonesian people. In freshwater, green algae Spirogyra porticalis is filament microalgae that play an important role as bioindicators in the aquatic system. The aim of this research was to profiling the chemical constituent from native Indonesian sources, Ulva lactuca and Spirogyra porticalis. The results of Ulva lactuca qualitative analysis showed the content of primary and secondary metabolites are carbohydrates, alkaloids, flavonoids, mono, and sesquiterpenoids, respectively. On the other hand, green algae Spirogyra porticalis carbohydrates, proteins, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, tannins, quinones, mono, and sesquiterpenoids, respectively. The chromatogram pattern of sea lettuce Ulva lactuca and Spirogyra porticalis showed the antioxidant activity caused by secondary metabolites such as phenol, tannin, flavonoids, mono and sesquiterpenoids which were various polarity. Preliminary test results of antioxidant activity with the dinamolysis method showed sea lettuce Ulva lactuca and and green algae Spirogyra porticalis have antioxidant activity. It potentially developed as drugs, supplements, pharmaceutical excipients and nutritional foods.
Keywords: sea lettuce Ulva lactuca, green microalgae Spyrogyra porticalis, antioxidant, marine, Indonesia,
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