UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIMIKROBA EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN KARUK (Piper sarmentosum Roxb.) TERHADAP Streptococcus mutans DAN Candida albicans
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ABSTRAK
Penggunaan antibiotik dengan intensitas yang relatif tinggi menimbulkan berbagai permasalahan dan merupakan ancaman global bagi kesehatan terutama resistensi bakteri terhadap antibiotik. Indonesia yang kaya akan keanekaragaman hayati, menjadi potensi besar bagi pengembangan obat-obatan dari tanaman, termasuk tanaman yang berkhasiat sebagai antimikroba. Salah satu tanaman tersebut adalah karuk (Piper sarmentosum Roxb.). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antimikroba dari ekstrak etanol daun karuk (Piper sarmentosum Roxb.) terhadap Streptococcus mutans dan Candida albicans. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%. Pengujian aktivitas antimikroba menggunakan metode difusi agar perforasi dan metode mikrodilusi. Hasil menunjukkan dari 3 konsentrasi ekstrak uji, konsentrasi ekstrak etanol daun karuk 80% menghasilkan diameter hambat terbesar terhadap Streptococcus mutans dan Candida albicans yaitu 19,87 mm dan 15,13 mm. Konsentrasi hambat minimum (KHM) ekstrak etanol daun karuk terhadap Streptococcus mutans sebesar 4096 µg/mL, sedangkan KHM tetrasiklin sebesar 256 µg/mL. Nilai KHM ekstrak etanol daun karuk terhadap Candida albicans sebesar 4096 µg/mL, sedangkan KHM ketokonazol sebesar 100 µg/mL.
Kata kunci : Antimikroba, Daun Karuk (Piper sarmentosum Roxb.), Streptococcus mutans, Candida albicans
ABSTRACT
The use of antibiotics with relatively high intensity raises variety of problems and is a global threat to health, especially of bacterial resistance to antibiotics. Indonesia is rich in biodiversity, being a huge potential for development of medicines from plants, including plants that are useful as antimicrobials. One of that plants is karuk (Piper sarmentosum Roxb.). The aim of this research was to study antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extract from karuk leaf against Streptococcus mutans dan Candida albicans. Extraction was done by maceration method using ethanol 96% as solvent. Antimicrobial activity test was done by agar diffusion method and microdilution method. The result showed that among 3 concentration of testesd extract, extract concentrations 80% produce the biggest inhibition diameter 19,87 mm and 15,13 mm. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ethanolic extract from karuk leaf against Streptococcus mutans was 4096 µg/mL, while MIC of tetracycline was 8 µg/mL. MIC value of ethanolic extract from karuk leaf against Candida albicans was 4096 µg/mL, while MIC of ketokonazole was 100 µg/mL.
Keywords : Antimicrobial, Karuk Leaf (Piper sarmentosum Roxb.), Streptococcus mutans, Candida albicans
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