REVIEW: STUDI KANDUNGAN FITOKIMIA DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI TAKOKAK (Solanum torvum SW.)
Isi Artikel Utama
Takokak (Solanum torvum Sw.) merupakan tanaman yang banyak digunakan sebagai pengobatan tradisional untuk menyembuhkan berbagai penyakit, salah satunya dikaitkan dengan efeknya untuk mengobati infeksi karena bakteri. Penulisan artikel ini dimaksudkan untuk memberikan informasi terkait kandungan kimia dalam S. torvum dan potensinya sebagai antibakteri. Penyusunan artikel ini menggunakan metode literature review terhadap artikel yang telah terpublikasi baik di jurnal ilmiah nasional maupun internasional. Hasil: Daun, batang, buah, dan bunga S. torvum diketahui mengandung beberapa golongan metabolit primer dan sekunder yaitu karbohidrat, protein, flavonoid, alkaloid, glikosida, saponin, tanin, triterpenoid, dan steroid. Akar S. torvum diketahui mengandung jurubine. S. torvum juga mengandung beberapa mineral makro dan mikro diantaranya sulfur, kalsium, magnesium, besi, klorin, fosfor dan natrium. S. torvum mampu menghambat pertumbuhan berbagai bakteri Gram positif dan negatif yang telah terbukti melalui pengujian secara in vitro dengan menggunakan metode dilusi dan difusi. Kesimpulan: Daun, batang, buah, bunga dan akar. S. torvum memiliki aktivitas sebagai antibakteri. Senyawa yang terkandung di dalam S. torvum diduga berperan terhadap aktivitas antibakterinya. Metabolit sekunder yang diduga memiliki efek antibakteri yaitu alkaloid, flavonoid, glikosida, saponin, tanin, triterpenoid, dan steroid.
Kata kunci: Antibakteri, kandungan fitokimia, solanum torvum, takokak
ABSTRACT
Takokak (Solanum torvum Sw.) is a plant that is widely used in traditional medicine to cure various diseases, one of which is associated with its effect on treating bacterial infections. The article aimed to provide information regarding the phytochemical content of S. torvum and its potential as an antibacterial agent. The preparation of this article used the literature review of articles that have been published in both national and international scientific journals. Results: The leaves, stems, fruits, and flowers of S. torvum contained several classes of primary and secondary metabolites, namely carbohydrates, proteins, flavonoids, alkaloids, glycosides, saponins, tannins, triterpenoids, and steroids. The root of S. torvum was known to contain jurubine. S. torvum also contained several macro and micro minerals including sulfur, calcium, magnesium, iron, chlorine, phosphorus, and sodium. S. torvum was able to inhibit the growth of various Gram-positive and negative bacteria which have been proven through in vitro testing with dilution and diffusion methods. Conclusion: Leaves, stems, fruit, flowers, and roots S. torvum had antibacterial activities. The compounds contained in S. torvum are thought to have a role in its antibacterial activities. Secondary metabolites that are thought to have antibacterial effects namely flavonoids, alkaloids, glycosides, saponins, tannins, triterpenoids, and steroids.
Keywords: Antibacterial, phytochemical content, solanum torvum, takokak.
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