ANALISIS KADAR D-DIMER PADA PASIEN STROKE ISKEMIK DAN HEMORAGIK DI RSUD SULTAN IMANUDDIN

Abstrak

Stroke adalah gangguan serebrovaskular neurologik yang disebabkan oleh adanya gangguan suplai darah ke otak dan merupakan penyebab utama kecacatan di seluruh dunia. Lima belas juta orang di seluruh dunia mengalami stroke setiap tahunnya. Stroke terbagi menjadi dua jenis yakni stroke iskemik dan stroke hemoragik. D-dimer merupakan produk hasil degradasi fibrin yang menjadi indikator gangguan sistem koagulasi fibrinolisis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hasil pemeriksaan D-dimer pada pasien stroke iskemik dan hemoragik di RSUD Sultan Imanuddin. Penelitian ini bersifat analitik kuantitatif dengan desain cross-sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel penelitian adalah teknik purposive sampling. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 29 pasien stroke iskemik dan 14 pasien stroke hemoragik dari periode Januari – Desember 2023. Pemeriksaan kadar D-dimer dilakukan dengan metode Immunoturbidimetry assay menggunakan alat Automated Blood Coagulation Analyzer SYSMEX CS-2100i dengan nilai batasan normal <0,55 mg/L. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rerata kadar D-dimer responden stroke iskemik sebesar 6,11 mg/L sedangkan 4,8 mg/L pada stroke hemoragik dan hasil uji statistik menunjukkan nilai p = 0.378 sehingga H₀ diterima dan Ha ditolak. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa, 1) rerata kadar D-dimer pada pasien stroke iskemik adalah 6,11 mg/L dengan hasil sebagian besar kadar D-dimer abnormal, 2) rerata kadar D-dimer pada pasien stroke hemoragik adalah 4,8 mg/L dengan hasil hampir semua kadar D-dimer abnormal, 3) tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara kadar D-dimer pada pasien stroke iskemik dan pada pasien stroke hemoragik.

Kata kunci: D-dimer, stroke, stroke iskemik, stroke hemoragik, thrombus.

Abstract

Stroke is a cerebrovascular neurological disorder caused by a disruption in the blood supply to the brain and is a leading cause of disability worldwide. Fifteen million people worldwide suffer from strokes each year. Stroke is divided into two types, namely ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke. D-dimer is a product of fibrin degradation which is an indicator of disorders of the fibrinolysis coagulation system. The purpose of this study was to analyze the results of D-dimer examinations in ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke patients at Sultan Imanuddin Hospital. This study is quantitative analytical with a cross-sectional design. The sampling technique for the study was purposive sampling technique. The study sample consisted of 29 ischemic stroke patients and 14 hemorrhagic stroke patients from January - December 2023. D-dimer level examination was carried out using the Immunoturbidimetry assay method using the Automated Blood Coagulation Analyzer SYSMEX CS-2100i with a normal limit value of <0.55 mg / L. The results showed that the average D-dimer level of ischemic stroke respondents was 6.11 mg/L while 4.8 mg/L in hemorrhagic stroke and the results of statistical tests showed a p value = 0.378 so that H₀ was accepted and Ha was rejected. This study concluded that, 1) the average D-dimer level in ischemic stroke patients was 6.11 mg/L with the results of most D-dimer levels being abnormal, 2) the average D-dimer level in hemorrhagic stroke patients was 4.8 mg/L with the results of almost all D-dimer levels being abnormal, 3) there was no significant difference between D-dimer levels in ischemic stroke patients and hemorrhagic stroke patients.

Keywords: D-dimer, hemorrhagic stroke, ischemic stroke, stroke, thrombus.